摘要
随着电力市场化改革的推进，供需平衡机制发生深刻变革，传统电力系统面临新的挑战与机遇。为探究需求响应策略在电力市场环境下的经济性，本文以提高电力系统运行效率和经济效益为目标，基于博弈论和优化理论构建了包含发电侧、电网侧及用户侧的多主体综合模型。通过引入分时电价、可中断负荷等典型需求响应措施，结合实际电力市场数据进行仿真分析，结果表明需求响应能够有效平抑峰谷差，降低系统运营成本约15% - 20%，同时提升用户满意度。创新性地提出了基于用户行为特征的需求响应潜力评估方法，实现了对不同类型用户的精准激励，提高了需求响应资源的配置效率。研究发现，在合理设计激励机制的前提下，需求响应不仅有助于缓解电力供应紧张局面，还能促进可再生能源消纳，增强电力系统的灵活性和韧性。本研究为电力市场环境下制定科学合理的需求响应政策提供了理论依据和技术支持，对于推动能源转型具有重要意义。
关键词：需求响应；电力市场；博弈论
Abstract
With the advancement of electricity market reform, the supply-demand balance mechanism has undergone profound changes, presenting new challenges and opportunities for traditional power systems. To investigate the economic viability of demand response strategies in the context of electricity markets, this study aims to enhance the operational efficiency and economic benefits of power systems by constructing a multi-agent integrated model that encompasses the generation side, grid side, and user side based on game theory and optimization theory. By incorporating typical demand response measures such as time-of-use pricing and interruptible loads, and utilizing actual electricity market data for simulation analysis, the results demonstrate that demand response can effectively mitigate peak-to-valley differences, reduce system operating costs by approximately 15% to 20%, and simultaneously improve user satisfaction. Innovatively, a demand response potential evaluation method based on user behavior characteristics is proposed, achieving precise incentives for different types of users and enhancing the allocation efficiency of demand response resources. The findings indicate that under well-designed incentive mechanisms, demand response not only helps alleviate power supply shortages but also promotes the integration of renewable energy, thereby increasing the flexibility and resilience of power systems. This research provides theoretical foundations and technical support for formulating scientifically sound and reasonable demand response policies in electricity market environments, which is significant for advancing energy transition.
Keywords：Demand Response; Electricity Market; Game Theory
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 电力市场与需求响应背景 1
(二) 研究现状综述 1
(三) 研究方法介绍 2
二、需求响应策略的成本效益分析 2
(一) 成本构成要素解析 2
(二) 效益评估指标体系 3
(三) 成本效益量化模型 4
三、需求响应的市场机制设计 4
(一) 市场主体参与模式 4
(二) 激励机制设计原则 5
(三) 价格信号传导机制 6
四、需求响应策略的实施效果评价 7
(一) 实施效果监测方法 7
(二) 经济性影响因素分析 7
(三) 政策建议与优化方向 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
随着电力市场化改革的推进，供需平衡机制发生深刻变革，传统电力系统面临新的挑战与机遇。为探究需求响应策略在电力市场环境下的经济性，本文以提高电力系统运行效率和经济效益为目标，基于博弈论和优化理论构建了包含发电侧、电网侧及用户侧的多主体综合模型。通过引入分时电价、可中断负荷等典型需求响应措施，结合实际电力市场数据进行仿真分析，结果表明需求响应能够有效平抑峰谷差，降低系统运营成本约15% - 20%，同时提升用户满意度。创新性地提出了基于用户行为特征的需求响应潜力评估方法，实现了对不同类型用户的精准激励，提高了需求响应资源的配置效率。研究发现，在合理设计激励机制的前提下，需求响应不仅有助于缓解电力供应紧张局面，还能促进可再生能源消纳，增强电力系统的灵活性和韧性。本研究为电力市场环境下制定科学合理的需求响应政策提供了理论依据和技术支持，对于推动能源转型具有重要意义。
关键词：需求响应；电力市场；博弈论
Abstract
With the advancement of electricity market reform, the supply-demand balance mechanism has undergone profound changes, presenting new challenges and opportunities for traditional power systems. To investigate the economic viability of demand response strategies in the context of electricity markets, this study aims to enhance the operational efficiency and economic benefits of power systems by constructing a multi-agent integrated model that encompasses the generation side, grid side, and user side based on game theory and optimization theory. By incorporating typical demand response measures such as time-of-use pricing and interruptible loads, and utilizing actual electricity market data for simulation analysis, the results demonstrate that demand response can effectively mitigate peak-to-valley differences, reduce system operating costs by approximately 15% to 20%, and simultaneously improve user satisfaction. Innovatively, a demand response potential evaluation method based on user behavior characteristics is proposed, achieving precise incentives for different types of users and enhancing the allocation efficiency of demand response resources. The findings indicate that under well-designed incentive mechanisms, demand response not only helps alleviate power supply shortages but also promotes the integration of renewable energy, thereby increasing the flexibility and resilience of power systems. This research provides theoretical foundations and technical support for formulating scientifically sound and reasonable demand response policies in electricity market environments, which is significant for advancing energy transition.
Keywords：Demand Response; Electricity Market; Game Theory
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 电力市场与需求响应背景 1
(二) 研究现状综述 1
(三) 研究方法介绍 2
二、需求响应策略的成本效益分析 2
(一) 成本构成要素解析 2
(二) 效益评估指标体系 3
(三) 成本效益量化模型 4
三、需求响应的市场机制设计 4
(一) 市场主体参与模式 4
(二) 激励机制设计原则 5
(三) 价格信号传导机制 6
四、需求响应策略的实施效果评价 7
(一) 实施效果监测方法 7
(二) 经济性影响因素分析 7
(三) 政策建议与优化方向 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
