摘 要
随着信息技术的迅猛发展，计算机网络在各领域的应用日益广泛，但同时也面临着严峻的安全威胁，身份认证作为保障网络安全的关键环节，其重要性愈发凸显。本研究聚焦于计算机安全协议中的身份认证机制，旨在构建一种高效、可靠的身份认证体系以应对复杂多变的网络环境。通过深入分析现有主流身份认证技术如基于密码学的身份认证、生物特征识别等的原理与不足，提出融合多种因素的身份认证新方法，该方法结合了动态口令、硬件令牌及生物特征三重验证，并引入区块链技术确保认证过程的不可篡改性。实验结果表明，所提方案不仅提高了身份认证的准确率和安全性，还有效降低了被攻击的风险，在多次模拟攻击测试中展现出优异的防御性能。本研究创新性地将区块链应用于身份认证领域，为解决传统身份认证存在的单点故障、易受攻击等问题提供了新思路，对提升计算机安全协议的整体防护能力具有重要意义。
关键词：身份认证；区块链技术；多因素验证
Abstract
With the rapid development of information technology, computer networks have been increasingly widely applied across various fields, yet they are simultaneously confronted with severe security threats. As a critical component for ensuring network security, the importance of authentication has become increasingly prominent. This study focuses on the authentication mechanisms within computer security protocols, aiming to construct an efficient and reliable authentication system to address the complex and dynamic network environment. By conducting an in-depth analysis of the principles and limitations of existing mainstream authentication technologies such as cryptography-based authentication and biometric recognition, this research proposes a new method that integrates multiple factors for authentication. This method combines dynamic passwords, hardware tokens, and biometric verification, and incorporates blockchain technology to ensure the immutability of the authentication process. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme not only enhances the accuracy and security of authentication but also effectively reduces the risk of attacks, exhibiting superior defensive performance in multiple simulated attack tests. Innovatively applying blockchain to the field of authentication, this study provides new insights into addressing issues such as single points of failure and vulnerability to attacks inherent in traditional authentication methods, which is significant for improving the overall protective capability of computer security protocols.
Keywords: Identity Authentication；Blockchain Technology；Multi-factor Verification
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景与意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状 1
二、身份认证机制的理论基础 2
（一）身份认证的基本概念 2
（二）常见认证技术分析 2
（三）认证协议的安全性要求 3
三、密码学在身份认证中的应用 3
（一）对称加密与身份认证 3
（二）非对称加密的应用场景 4
（三）哈希函数的作用分析 5
四、多因素身份认证机制研究 5
（一）多因素认证框架设计 5
（二）生物特征识别技术 6
（三）动态口令与硬件令牌 6
结 论 7
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
