摘要
随着电气工程技术的飞速发展，电气设备在各个领域得到了广泛应用。然而，电气设备接地问题作为电气安全的重要组成部分，却往往被忽视或处理不当。接地电阻过大、接地系统设计缺陷、施工与维护问题以及环境因素的影响等，不仅威胁到电力系统的稳定运行，还可能导致设备损坏和人员伤害。据相关统计，由于接地问题引发的电力事故占到了相当大的比例，如在过去的十年里，全球因接地故障导致的停电事件平均每年超过千起，造成了巨大的经济损失和公共安全风险。因此，深入研究电气设备接地问题及其改进措施，对于提高电气系统的安全性、可靠性和经济性具有重要意义。本文围绕电气工程中的电气设备接地问题展开研究，分析了接地电阻过大、接地系统设计缺陷、施工与维护问题以及环境因素的影响等关键问题。针对这些问题，提出了降低接地电阻、优化接地体材料与结构、应用降阻剂技术、改进接地系统设计、规范施工与维护以及控制环境影响等改进措施。通过本文的研究，旨在为电气工程技术人员提供理论依据和实践指导，提高电气设备接地的安全性和可靠性。
关键词：电气设备；电气工程；安全性与可靠性
Abstract
With the rapid development of electrical engineering technology, electrical equipment has been widely used in various fields. However, as an important part of electrical safety, the grounding problem of electrical equipment is often ignored or improperly handled. Excessive grounding resistance, design defects of the grounding system, construction and maintenance problems, and the influence of environmental factors, not only threaten the stable operation of the power system, but also may lead to equipment damage and personnel injury. According to relevant statistics, power accidents caused by grounding problems account for a considerable proportion. For example, in the past decade, the number of power failure caused by grounding failures exceeds 1,000 per year on average, causing huge economic losses and public safety risks. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the grounding problem and its improvement measures to improve the safety, reliability and economy of electrical system. This paper focuses on the grounding problem of electrical equipment in electrical engineering, and analyzes the key problems such as excessive grounding resistance, grounding system design defects, construction and maintenance problems, and the influence of environmental factors. In view of these problems, some improvement measures are put forward to reduce the grounding resistance, optimize the material and structure of the grounding body, apply the resistance reducing agent technology, improve the design of the grounding system, standardize the construction and maintenance, and control the environmental impact. Through the research, this paper aims to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for electrical engineers and technicians, and improve the safety and reliability of electrical equipment grounding.
Keywords： Electrical equipment; Electrical engineering; Safety and reliability
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景和意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状 1
二、相关理论概述 1
（一）接地的基本概念 1
（二）接地方式的分类 2
三、电气设备接地的问题 2
（一）接地电阻过大 2
（二）接地系统设计缺陷 3
（三）施工与维护问题 3
（四）环境因素的影响问题 4
四、电气设备接地的对策 5
（一）降低接地电阻 5
（二）改进接地系统设计 5
（三）规范施工与维护 6
（四）控制环境影响 7
结 论 9
参考文献 10
