摘要
本文聚焦于微电网孤岛检测与保护策略的研究，旨在提升微电网在孤岛状态下的运行安全性与稳定性。首先，文章详细阐述了微电网孤岛现象的定义、成因、特征及其对系统的影响，回顾了孤岛检测技术的历史发展脉络。随后，系统分析了当前主流的孤岛检测技术，包括主动检测法、被动检测法、开关状态检测法及高级检测方法，并探讨了各种方法的优缺点及适用场景。在保护策略方面，本文提出了构建实时监测与预警系统的重要性，涵盖了数据采集与融合、信号处理与异常检测算法、实时反馈与控制策略集成等关键环节。同时，强调了智能保护装置在孤岛保护中的应用，包括其自动化配置、故障隔离与恢复机制以及自适应学习能力。此外，还探讨了负载管理与优化策略，如动态负载均衡、负载预测与调度以及虚拟同步机技术的应用，以进一步提升孤岛运行效率。最后，本文深入研究了孤岛运行控制与优化策略，包括电力质量控制、电压/频率恢复策略以及分布式能源协调控制，为微电网在孤岛状态下的稳定运行提供了全面指导。本文的研究成果对于促进微电网技术的发展、提高电力系统可靠性具有重要意义。
关键词：微电网；孤岛检测；保护策略；实时监测；智能保护装置
Abstract
This paper focuses on the research of microgrid island detection and protection strategies, aiming to improve the operational security and stability of microgrid in the isolated island state. First of all, the paper elaborates the definition, causes, characteristics and effects of microgrid island phenomenon on the system, and reviews the historical development of island detection technology. Then, the current mainstream island detection technologies, including active detection, passive detection, switch state detection and advanced detection methods, are systematically analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method and the applicable scenarios are discussed. In terms of protection strategy, this paper puts forward the importance of constructing real-time monitoring and early warning system, covering the key links such as data acquisition and fusion, signal processing and anomaly detection algorithm, real-time feedback and control strategy integration. At the same time, the application of intelligent protection device in island protection is emphasized, including its automatic configuration, fault isolation and recovery mechanism and adaptive learning ability. In addition, load management and optimization strategies, such as dynamic load balancing, load forecasting and scheduling, and the application of virtual synchro technology, are also discussed to further improve the efficiency of island operation. Finally, this paper deeply studies the control and optimization strategies of isolated island operation, including power quality control, voltage/frequency recovery strategy and distributed energy coordination control, which provides comprehensive guidance for the stable operation of microgrid in isolated island state. The research results of this paper are of great significance for promoting the development of microgrid technology and improving the reliability of power system.
Keywords： Microgrid; Island detection; Protection policy; Real-time monitoring; Intelligent protection device
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景 1
（二）研究目的及意义 1
二、微电网孤岛现象概述 2
（一）孤岛效应定义与成因分析 2
（二）孤岛运行的特征与影响 2
（三）孤岛检测技术的历史与发展 2
三、微电网孤岛检测技术 4
（一）主动检测法 4
（二）被动检测法 4
（三）开关状态检测法 4
（四）高级检测方法 5
四、微电网孤岛的保护策略 6
（一）实时监测与预警系统 6
（二）智能保护装置的应用 7
（三）负载管理与优化 8
（四）孤岛运行控制与优化策略 9
结 论 11
参考文献 12
