摘 要
本文综合探讨了心脏病患者术前焦虑的相关问题及其护理对策。首先概述了术前焦虑的定义、表现，包括自主神经功能紊乱、睡眠障碍等，并分析了术前焦虑对手术效果的不良影响。随后，强调了心脏病患者术前焦虑护理的重要性，指出其能促进手术顺利进行、降低术后并发症、加速术后康复。文章进一步分析了术前焦虑护理面临的难点，如病情严重程度不一、沟通技巧欠缺、护理人员短缺以及跨学科协作不畅等。针对这些难点，提出了相应的护理对策研究，包括制定个性化护理计划以满足患者不同需求，加强医护人员沟通技巧培训以提高沟通效果，合理增加护理人员以缓解人力资源紧张，以及建立协作机制以促进跨学科合作。本研究旨在为心脏病患者术前焦虑护理提供理论参考和实践指导，以期优化护理流程，提升护理质量，促进患者身心健康。
关键词：心脏病;术前焦虑;护理难点
Abstract
This paper discusses the preoperative anxiety of heart patients and their nursing countermeasures. First, the definition and manifestations of preoperative anxiety, including autonomic dysfunction, sleep disturbance, were outlined, and the adverse effects of preoperative anxiety on the surgical effect were analyzed. Subsequently, it emphasized the importance of preoperative anxiety care for heart disease patients, and pointed out that it can promote the smooth operation, reduce postoperative complications, and accelerate postoperative recovery. This paper further analyzes the difficulties of preoperative anxiety nursing, such as different severity of illness, lack of communication skills, shortage of nursing staff and poor interdisciplinary collaboration. In view of these difficulties, the corresponding nursing countermeasures are put forward, including the formulation of personalized nursing plans to meet the different needs of patients, strengthening the training of communication skills of medical staff to improve the communication effect, the reasonable increase of nursing staff to relieve the shortage of human resources, and the establishment of collaboration mechanism to promote interdisciplinary cooperation. This study aims to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for the preoperative anxiety nursing of heart patients, in order to optimize the nursing process, improve the quality of nursing care, and promote the physical and mental health of patients.
Keywords：Heart disease; preoperative anxiety; difficulties in nursing care
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 心脏病患者术前焦虑概述 2
1.1 术前焦虑的定义 2
1.2 术前焦虑的表现 2
1.2.1 自主神经功能紊乱 2
1.2.2 睡眠障碍 3
1.3 术前焦虑对手术效果的影响 3
第二章 心脏病患者术前焦虑护理的重要性 4
2.1 促进手术顺利进行 4
2.2 降低术后并发症 4
2.3 加速术后康复 5
第三章 心脏病患者术前焦虑护理难点分析 6
3.1 病情严重程度不一 6
3.2 沟通技巧欠缺 6
3.3 护理人员短缺 7
3.4 跨学科协作不畅 8
第四章 心脏病患者术前焦虑护理对策研究 9
4.1 制定个性化护理计划 9
4.2 加强医护人员沟通技巧培训 9
4.3 合理增加护理人员 10
4.4 建立协作机制 10
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
