摘 要
行政审批制度改革作为优化营商环境的重要举措，近年来受到学术界和政策界的广泛关注。本研究基于2015-2022年中国省级面板数据，运用双重差分法和工具变量法，系统考察了行政审批制度改革对营商环境的影响机制及效果。研究发现，行政审批制度改革显著提升了地区营商环境水平，其中"放管服"改革和"互联网+政务服务"的实施效果尤为突出。通过构建营商环境评价指标体系，本研究发现改革主要通过降低制度性交易成本、提高行政效率、增强市场活力等途径发挥作用。进一步分析表明，改革效果存在明显的区域异质性，东部地区受益最为显著，中西部地区次之。研究还发现，数字技术应用程度和法治环境质量是影响改革成效的关键调节因素。与现有文献相比，本研究的创新点主要体现在三个方面：一是构建了更为全面的营商环境评价指标体系；二是揭示了行政审批制度改革影响营商环境的多维传导机制；三是识别了影响改革效果的边界条件。研究结论为深化行政审批制度改革、优化营商环境提供了理论依据和政策启示，建议在推进改革过程中注重区域差异、强化数字赋能、完善法治保障，以实现营商环境的持续优化和高质量发展。
关键词：行政审批制度改革；营商环境；双重差分法
Study on the impact of administrative approval system reform on business environment
Abstract
The reform of administrative approval systems, as a crucial measure for optimizing the business environment, has garnered extensive attention from both academic and policy circles in recent years. This study systematically examines the impact mechanisms and effects of administrative approval system reforms on the business environment using provincial panel data from China between 2015 and 2022, employing difference-in-differences and instrumental variable methods. The findings reveal that the reform of administrative approval systems significantly enhances regional business environment quality, with particularly notable effects from the "streamlining administration, delegating powers, and improving services" reform and the implementation of "Internet + government services." By constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system for the business environment, this study demonstrates that the reforms primarily function through reducing institutional transaction costs, improving administrative efficiency, and enhancing market vitality. Further analysis indicates significant regional heterogeneity in reform effectiveness, with eastern regions benefiting most prominently, followed by central and western regions. The study also identifies digital technology application levels and legal environment quality as key moderating factors influencing reform outcomes. Compared to existing literature, this research contributes three main innovations: first, it establishes a more comprehensive evaluation index system for the business environment; second, it reveals multidimensional transmission mechanisms through which administrative approval system reforms affect the business environment; third, it identifies boundary conditions influencing reform effectiveness. The conclusions provide theoretical foundations and policy implications for deepening administrative approval system reforms and optimizing the business environment, suggesting that policymakers should emphasize regional disparities, strengthen digital empowerment, and improve legal safeguards during reform implementation to achieve sustained optimization and high-quality development of the business environment.
Keywords: Administrative Approval System Reform; Business Environment; Difference-in-Differences Method
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 录 IV
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景及意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状 2
（三）研究方法与思路 2
二、行政审批制度改革的理论基础 4
（一）行政审批制度的内涵与特征 4
（二）营商环境评价指标体系构建 5
（三）改革对营商环境的作用机制 6
（四）理论分析框架的建立 6
三、行政审批制度改革的实践进展 8
（一）改革的主要措施与成效 8
（二）典型地区改革案例分析 9
（三）改革过程中存在的问题 10
（四）国际经验借鉴与启示 11
四、行政审批制度改革对营商环境的影响评估 13
（一）企业开办便利度变化分析 13
（二）市场准入效率提升效果评估 14
（三）企业经营成本降低程度测算 14
（四）市场主体满意度调查分析 15
五、结论与展望 17
参考文献 19
致 谢 20
